Excavations at the Roman fort of Crawford, Lanarkshire

Abstract

NS 954214. The primary fort was an Agricolan foundation, built in AD 80 or 81 and abandoned, its timber buildings dismantled, soon after AD 87. A second phase of occupation began around AD 140 when the original ditch system was modified; the end of this first Antonine period was very quickly followed by a second Antonine occupation. This time the fort was enlarged and the defences recast. Final abandonment occurred between 165 and 170 apparently as part of a planned military withdrawal. Finds included coins, metalwork, leather shoes and samian and coarse wares. Organic remains indicated a contemporary natural environment of mixed deciduous forest with encroaching heath and peat-bog. A R